Former US intelligence contractor Edward Snowden made a surprise virtual appearance on Vladimir Putin’s televised call-in show on Thursday, giving the Russian president a chance to justify electronic surveillance.
More than half way through the four-hour show on which Mr Putin takes questions submitted by phone or email once a year, a video message showing Mr Snowden was broadcast into the studio.
“Does Russia intercept, store or analyse, in any way, the communications of millions of individuals?” he asked. “And do you believe that simply increasing the effectiveness of intelligence or law enforcement investigations can justify placing societies, rather than subjects, under surveillance?”