A popular belief these days is that the recession has opened “output gaps” in many countries. Output gaps measure the difference between actual output and potential output and have an attractive simplicity for policymakers. If capacity persists across an economy, interest rates can be kept low with little fear of rising production and labour costs.
按照時下流行的說法，衰退已在許多國家造成了「產出缺口(output gaps)」。產出缺口衡量的是實際產出與潛在產出之間的差異。對政策制定者來說，這個概念勝在簡單。只要經濟中尚有產能可以開掘，利率就可以保持在較低水準，而無需擔心生產和勞動力成本會不斷上升。
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