Imagine you are asked to give advice to a country on its economic policy. The country enjoys near-full employment; its growth is above, or at least at full potential. There is no under-usage of resources – what economists call an output gap – and the government’s budget is balanced, but the debt level is far above target. To top it all monetary policy is extremely loose.
想像一下，假如有人請你對一個國家的經濟政策提點建議。這個國家幾乎實現了充分就業，其成長率超過、或至少達到了潛在成長率。不存在資源使用不足（即經濟學家所謂的產出缺口），政府預算均衡，但債務水準遠遠超過目標水準。此外，該國貨幣政策超級寬鬆。
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