It is cheering to believe that America won the cold war through “blue jeans and rock’n’roll”, presidential bons mots at the Berlin Wall and other endeavours in open sight. But it was an unelected bureaucrat, George Kennan, who authored the conceptual framing of the conflict. It was another, Paul Nitze, who brought about its militarisation. The decoupling of China from the USSR took years of clandestine planning before President Richard Nixon’s grand gesture in 1972.
如果認爲,美國是依靠「藍色牛仔褲和搖滾樂」、總統在柏林圍牆邊的精妙演講和其他世人皆知的努力取得了冷戰的勝利,那很鼓舞人心。但是,這場衝突的概念架構,是由一名非選舉產生的官僚喬治•凱南(George Kennan)寫就的。冷戰的軍事化進程,是由另一名非選舉產生的官僚保羅•尼采(Paul Nitze)開啓的。在美國總統理查•尼克森(Richard Nixon)於1972年的那次的重大舉動之前,區分對待中國與蘇聯一事已經祕密計劃了數年時間。