For years, the advice for foreign companies unhappy at the treatment of their Chinese operations was to complain in private but stay quiet in public.
Broadcasting frustration about Chinese bureaucrats making arbitrary decisions and tilting the board towards domestic companies, so the conventional wisdom went, merely invited reprisals and threatened existing investments.
The heads of companies such as General Electric, Siemens, the German industrial giant and BASF, the world’s biggest chemical company, are known in Beijing as “foreign friends”. In return for access to the Chinese market they are expected to defend Beijing’s policies against critics.